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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the top ports for shipping classic cars by sea freight?
- The Port of Hamburg is located on the Elbe River in Hamburg. It is the largest port in the country by volume and is called their “Gateway to the World.”
- The Port of Bremen is the country's most important industrial center, situated at the edge of the Weser River.
- The Port of Wilhelmshaven is the only deep-water port between the Ems and Weser river on the western embankment of the Jade delta. The port is located behind a dual-chamber sea lock, and it consists of two sections, the outer deep-water port and the inner harbor.
- The Port of Duisburg-Ruhrort is located between the Rhine River and the Ruhr Channel. It is the chief inland shipping port and is regarded as the largest inland port in Europe.
- The Port of Rostock is the fourth-largest port. It is located in the northeastern part of the country at the mouth of the War now River on the Baltic Sea.
How long does it take?
When shipping overseas, you should expect the entire process of importing classic cars to take anywhere from three to seven weeks.
Your overseas carrier will accommodate your shipment by finding your motor vehicle a spot on a ship that is making a trip to the German port closest to the location you will want the car. Your car will be exported from the United States and imported, which will require a fee.
Documents will need to be reviewed by both export and import parties, which may take additional time. Proper transport is not a quick task, and to ensure the highest level of care with your vehicle, you will need to plan.
What duties and taxes are due when importing a vehicle?
All taxes and duties must be paid before German customs clearance will release a vehicle. There are different levels of duties and taxes that may be due:
- The United States Military Service Members
No taxes or duties apply to vehicle imports.
- Temporary Imports
In most circumstances, you can ship a car with foreign plates, free of taxes or further registration if your entry meets the following criteria:
- You are visiting the country and do not plan to live there
- The vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country
- You only use the car in Germany for up to six months
- A security deposit of 10% + 19% of the vehicle’s value plus international conveyance charges are collected – which is refundable when the car leaves the EU
- Moving Goods
Must have owned the vehicle for at least six months and lived outside of Germany for 12 months before moving, then the tax and duties are 0%
- Purchased by European Citizen
The vehicle is less than 30 years old. It will have a tax of 19% and a duty of 10%
- Purchased by European Citizen
The vehicle is more than 30 years old. It will have a tax of 7% and a duty of 0%
Does a car being imported require conversions?
The registration regulations in are strict, probably some of the most strict throughout the European Union to ship cars. Import vehicles are required to undergo inspection and be checked for any technical defects.
During this inspection, it is also checked to see if it complies with Germany’s registration regulations. If the vehicle is not up to the required standards, it will need to be converted before being registered. There may be exceptions to these rules, but they are minimal.
What shipping methods are available?
There are several ways that we ship vehicles, oversized cargo, or heavy equipment. These are the more popular methods of international car freight (special scenarios may be accommodated):
- Lift On/Lift Off (LoLo)
This loading process Used for inoperable equipment or cargo, it requires a crane and precision placement.
- Roll-On/Roll-Off (RoRo)
The most inexpensive form of car conveyance, the vehicle is driven or rolled onto the ship and once the car arrives at its final destination, it is unloaded in the same manner.
- Shared Container Service
The most preferred shipping method, containers are stacked onto the ships for transport and unloaded at the port. It is also the most expensive and most secure form of car shipping.
When should I expect delays in overseas shipping?
Not all delays can be prevented. Sometimes there are delays in the vehicle shipping services that are beyond anyone’s control. Some of the scenarios that may result in delays include:
- A global pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is still causing delays into 2021 for some carriers due to the lack of equipment and space restrictions on many vessels. You can find out ahead of time if your car shipping company is experiencing extreme delays at your port of choice and if there is a way to circumvent those delays.
- Extraordinary events
Events in the open sea are not always predictable. Vehicle shipping companies may run into factors including, but not limited to, weather, wars, piracy, fire, and other events described as “force majeure.” These also include natural catastrophes like cyclones and hurricanes.
- Schedule changes or traffic challenges
There are peak seasons when shipping a car, especially overseas. More people tend to ship during the summer months, making it almost impossible to predict how busy the ports and other areas will be. Shipments scheduled around holidays can also delay the truck driver to its final destination.
- Issues with customs clearance
Shipping a car requires paperwork, documents, and even more daunting processes. When you are missing paperwork or do not pass inspection, you may be faced with a delay until the problem is rectified.
- Port congestion/strikes
When too many containers are in a port, it leads to congestion. Whether it be due to peak season or extraordinary events, congestion can occur. When labor strikes occur, ports can be out of commission for weeks at a time. These strikes by workers can cause severe delays and even the inability to collect goods.
- Miscommunication
No one likes to be the one to mess up or miscommunicate directions on a shipment – but it happens. Sometimes communication delays happen and jeopardize the entire line.
What is an ocean or air freight forwarder?
Ocean and air freight forwarders are experts connected within the supply chain and concentrate on the logistics and physical transportation of cargo.
They communicate with any entity involved in the shipping process that handles or is aware of any shipment moving via truck, boat, plane, or any combination thereof. Air freight forwarders are also in charge of assembling and completing vehicle documentation and compliance filings.
What is a Bill of Lading?
A Bill of Lading (BOL) is a document used in auto shipping and other types of cargo transport. The BOL is a legal document that specifies what is being shipped from one location to another and by whom.
It also outlines the vehicle's condition before it is turned over to the auto shipping company and again when it is returned to the owner at the time of delivery. The BOL serves as a contract between the trucker and the vehicle owner, including the agreement terms. At the same time, the BOL also acts as the receipt for the transaction.
What documents are required to ship a car overseas?
Different documents may be required when shipping a car to Germany. As your shipping services provider and representative, we will make sure you are informed beforehand of what papers you will need when shipping a car to Germany. Some of these documents include:
- Whether your car is owned outright or financed, the original title and registration (or equivalent) must be present with the vehicle when it is shipped. A notarized letter from the lien holder will also suffice if the original title is held until paid in full.
- Proof that the car is insured must also accompany the vehicle. If it is not insured, it cannot be shipped, and the insurance should not be expired either.
- Photo ID of the owner (or legal representative) must be presented – can be done as an unexpired driver’s license, state ID, or passport.
- If someone is acting on behalf of the vehicle owner, there must be a notarized letter indicating that they have the permission or power of attorney documentation. The VIN must be present on the paperwork showing the authorization to transport the vehicle.
- A bill of sale showing the price of the vehicle or a notarized copy of the bill of sale must be present in international shipments.
- The Bill of Lading is required between the customer and the shipping company to ship a car in the same condition as documented before the shipment.
- Documents that prove that state sales tax was paid when the vehicle was purchased.
- Payment for the import duty or taxes must be made before it can be brought across the border of any country.
Many of the documents required in vehicle transport are meant to ensure that the vehicle is not stolen and that it is legal for import or export.
What happens if the required documents are not present at the time of shipment/border crossing?
If the required documents are not present when you ship a vehicle, it is possible that customs at the border hold your vehicle or reject it altogether.
While it is possible to try and ship your vehicle overseas without a shipping agent or customs broker, we recommend having one so that you know that you are compliant with all of the country and port requirements ahead of time.
What is a customs broker, and what do they do?
A customs broker works closely with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and is a group of empowered individuals, partnerships, associations, or corporations licensed and regulated by the CBP. A customs broker assists car buyers, vehicle owners, importers and exporters to ensure they meet the Federal requirements governing how to ship a car.
Customs brokers also submit all the necessary information and payments to the CBP on behalf of their clients and bill a terminal handling charge for other car shipping services. Brokers need to have expertise in:
- Entry procedures
- Classification
- Admissibility requirements
- Valuation
- Rates of duty and any applicable import turnover tax and fees for imported merchandise
Applicants who want to be a customs broker must be U.S. citizens at least 21 years of age, not current Federal Government employees, and be of good moral character. Those who are eligible must do the following to become brokers:
- Pass the Customs Broker License Examination
- Submit the broker license application and applicable fees
- Have your application approved by CBP
How much does shipping a car cost?
The average cost is around $1,000 to $1,800. However, the price could be higher or lower depending on a number of factors, including the make and model of the car, your location in the US, the shipping method you choose, and the final destination of your car.
How long does it take?
The average shipping time for RORO shipping is 4-6 weeks. RORO shipping is the most common method of shipping cars and it is also the most affordable. Cars are loaded onto a ship and driven off the ship at their destination.
The average shipping time for container shipping is 6-8 weeks. Container shipping is more expensive than RORO shipping, but it is also more secure. Cars are loaded into a container and shipped in the container.
The port of departure can also affect the shipping time. Cars that are shipped from ports on the east coast of the US will typically arrive faster than cars that are shipped from ports on the west coast of the US.
How to import a car?
Importing a car involves a series of steps and adhering to specific regulations. If you're considering importing a car, either from within the European Union (EU) or from a non-EU country, the following is a general guideline:
1. Decide on the Duration of Stay:
- Temporary Import: For stays up to 12 months.
- Permanent Import: For long-term or permanent stays.
2. Documentation:
- Original vehicle registration document.
- Passport or personal identification.
- Purchase invoice or receipt.
- Certificate of Conformity (CoC) or equivalent, which confirms the vehicle meets EU technical standards.
- Exhaust emissions test certificate, if applicable.
3. Taxes and Duties:
- From within the EU: Generally, you won't have to pay import duties if the car has already been taxed in another EU country. However, VAT may apply.
- From outside the EU: Import turnover tax (10%) and customs duty (around 10%) will likely apply. Exact rates depend on the car type and its value.
4. Inspection:
- After importing, you must present the vehicle for a technical inspection to the Technical Inspection Association (TÜV). They will verify the vehicle’s roadworthiness and conformity with German standards.
- If necessary modifications are identified, you'll need to make those changes and present the vehicle for another inspection.
5. Registration:
- After passing the TÜV inspection, visit the local vehicle registration office (Kfz-Zulassungsstelle) to register the car.
- Here, you’ll need your TÜV inspection report, proof of insurance, proof of ownership, and possibly an emissions sticker.
- Pay the registration fee and get your new German plates.
6. Insurance:
- Ensure you have adequate car insurance before driving on German roads. It's a legal requirement.
- You can get insurance from a German provider or check if your current provider offers coverage in the country.
7. Emissions Sticker (Umwelt-Plakette):
- This is required for driving in many German cities. The sticker classifies vehicles according to their emissions. It can be bought online, at vehicle registration offices, or TÜV stations.
8. Special Considerations for Classic Cars:
- If you're importing a classic car (generally cars over 30 years old), you might qualify for a “Historic” (H) registration number, which offers tax benefits. The car will still need to undergo an inspection, but the standards might be less stringent.
9. Driving:
- Remember to acquaint yourself with the local driving regulations, which may differ from those in your home country. For instance, the country has specific rules for its Autobahnen (high-speed highways).
10. Returning or Selling the Car:
- If you imported the car temporarily and wish to return to your home country, ensure you follow the right procedures to de-register the car and export it.
- If you decide to sell the car, be aware that if the car was originally from outside the EU, you might have to pay import duties and VAT if you hadn't already.
It's always a good idea to consult with a local expert or agency specializing in vehicle imports to ensure all regulations are followed correctly.
What is the cheapest way to ship?
The cheapest way to ship a car is by roll-on/roll-off (RORO) shipping. RORO shipping is the most common method of shipping cars and it is also the most affordable. Cars are loaded onto a ship and driven off the ship at their destination.
The average cost of RORO shipping is around $1,000 to $1,800. However, the price could be higher or lower depending on the factors mentioned above.
Here are some tips for shipping a car for the cheapest price:
- Choose the most affordable shipping method. RORO shipping is the most common and affordable method of shipping cars.
- Ship your car during the off-season. Shipping during the off-season (typically fall and winter) can save you money.
- Negotiate with the shipping company. Get quotes from several shipping companies and negotiate for the best price.
What to consider when importing a car?
When importing a car, there are several considerations to bear in mind. These will not only help you comply with the regulations but also ensure a smooth process:
1. Eligibility and Documentation:
- Ensure you have all the required documentation: original vehicle registration, purchase invoice, personal identification, Certificate of Conformity (CoC), and possibly an exhaust emissions test certificate.
2. Vehicle Standards:
- The car must meet the European Union (EU) or German technical standards. If your car doesn't have a CoC, you might need modifications to ensure compliance with German regulations.
3. Taxes and Duties:
- Within the EU: You may not have to pay import duties if the car was taxed in another EU country, but consider VAT implications.
- Outside the EU: Consider the costs of import turnover tax and customs duty.
4. Vehicle Inspections:
- Your vehicle will need to undergo a technical inspection by the Technical Inspection Association (TÜV). If modifications are required after the first inspection, there will be additional costs and another inspection.
5. Insurance:
- Before your car can be registered, you must provide proof of insurance. The costs and types of insurance available can vary. It's crucial to find an insurance policy that suits your needs and budget.
6. Emissions Standards:
- The country is strict about emissions. Depending on the car's emissions standard, it might not be allowed to enter certain "Low Emission Zones" in German cities. Ensure you know your vehicle's emission rating and get the required emission sticker (Umweltplakette).
7. Resale Value:
- If you plan to resell the car, imported vehicles may have a different resale value compared to those originally bought in the country.
8. Spare Parts Availability:
- For non-European car models, spare parts might be harder to find and more expensive. It’s worthwhile to consider the long-term maintenance costs.
9. Registration Process:
- The vehicle registration process requires time and documentation. Ensure you understand the process and have allocated enough time for it.
10. Costs:
- Apart from taxes and duties, consider costs for potential vehicle modifications, technical inspections, insurance, and registration.
11. Driving Conditions and Standards:
- Consider the local driving conditions. If you’re importing a car from a country that drives on the left, driving in the country (where they drive on the right) may take some adjustment.
12. Classic and Historic Vehicles:
- If importing a classic car, the conditions and benefits (like tax breaks) may differ. However, it must still meet certain safety standards.
13. Temporary vs. Permanent Import:
- Determine the duration of your stay. If it's short-term (up to 12 months), a temporary import might be more suitable.
14. Legal Assistance:
- Consider consulting with an expert or agency specializing in vehicle imports. They can guide you through the process, ensuring you don’t overlook any requirements.
15. Cultural Preferences:
- German consumers often prefer cars with certain specifications, such as diesel engines or specific colors. If you ever plan to sell your car, it's worth considering these preferences.
Before deciding to import a car, weigh the pros and cons, and consider the financial, regulatory, and practical aspects of the process.
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